ËÎÎÄÖÎÏÈÉú
ËÎÎÄÖεġ¶Ï¿½ÑÌÔÆ¡·£¨·½ÏòÇ° ¹©Í¼£©
¡¡¡¡ËÎÎÄÖΣ¨1919-1999£©ÏÖ´ú½ðÁê»ÅÉ´ú±íÈËÎ½ËÕÌ«²ÖÈË£¬ÔøÈÎÄϾ©´óѧ½ÌÊÚ£¬½ËÕÃÀи±Ö÷ϯ£¬½ËÕÊ¡¹ú»Ôº¸±Ôº³¤£¬Îª¶þÊ®ÊÀ¼ÍÖØҪɽˮ»´ó¼Ò¡£
¡¡¡¡¶þÊ®ÊÀ¼ÍÖÐÆÚ£¬Öйúɽˮ»¾ÀúÁËÒ»¸öеıä¸ï¡£¾ßÌåÌåÏÖÔÚ»¼ÒÃÇÓÉÔÀ´Í¨¹ý»Æ׶øÊÀ´úÏàÏ®µÄ¡°Ê¦³Ð¡±£¬·¢Õ¹Îª»¼Ò×ßÏò´ó×ÔÈ»£¬ÖØÊÓдÉú£¬Ú©¸èÉç»áÖ÷Òå×æ¹úµÄ´óºÃºÓɽ£¬É½Ë®»ÔÚ·ç¸ñÉϳÊÏÖÁËÇ°ÎÞ¹ÅÈ˵Äʱ´ú·çò£¬ËÎÎÄÖμ´ÊÇÆäÖеÄÖØÒª´ú±í¡£
¡¡¡¡ËÎÎÄÖÎɽˮ»µÄÒâÒåºÍ¼ÛÖµÖ÷ÒªÌåÏÖÔÚ¶Ô´«Í³É½Ë®»µÄ¸ïУ¬´Ó´«Í³ÖÐ×ßÀ´£¬Í¬Ê±ÓÖÓжÀÌصĸöÐÔÌص㡣Óë¾ø´ó¶àÊý»¼ÒÒÕÊõ·ç¸ñµÄÐγÉÒ»Ñù£¬ËÎÎÄÖεĻæ»Ò²·ÖΪÔçÄê¡¢ÖÐÄê¡¢ÍíÄêÈý¸ö½×¶Î¡£
¡¡¡¡ËÎÎÄÖεÄÔçÄêɽˮ£¬Óм«ÉîºñµÄ´«Í³¹¦·ò²¢Êܵ½µØÓòÎÄ»¯µÄÁ¼ºÃ×ÌÑø¡£ËÎÎÄÖεijöÉúµØÌ«²Ö£¬ÊÇ¡°Â¦¶«»ÅÉ¡±µÄµ®ÉúµØ£¬Â¦¶«»ÅÉÔÚÖйúÃÀÊõÊ·ÉϾßÓоÙ×ãÇáÖصĵØλ£¬Ó°Ïì×î´óµÄ´ú±í»¼ÒÒªÊý¡°ËÄÍõ¡±¡£ÎÒÃÇÄÜ´ÓËÎÎÄÖθ÷¸öʱÆÚµÄɽˮ»×÷Æ·ÖУ¬ÒþÔ¼¸ÐÊܵ½¡°ËÄÍõ¡±µÄ´«Í³Ó°×Ó¡£¡°ËÄÍõ¡±»æ»ÔÚ»·çÉϽÏΪ½Ó½ü£¬¼¼·¨¾«µ½£¬³çÉÐÄ¡¹Å£¬µ«×÷Æ·´ó¶àÇ÷ÓÚ³Ìʽ»¯¡£
¡¡¡¡ÉÏÊÀ¼Í50Äê´ú¿ªÊ¼£¬ËÎÎÄÖγ¢ÊÔɽˮ»µÄ±ä·¨£¬»×÷±ÊÄ«¾¢½¡£¬Òâ¾³¿ÕÀ«£¬¸»ÓÐŨÓôµÄʱ´úÆøÏ¢£¬ÕâһʱÆÚÒ²ÊÇËÎÎÄÖÎɽˮ»´´×÷µÄÖØҪʱÆÚ¡£
¡¡¡¡ÒÕÊõ¹óÔÚ´´Ð¡£ÔÚ½üÏÖ´úÖйú»Ì³£¬²»ÉÙ»¼ÒʼÖÕÔÚ¡°ËÄÍõ¡±¡°ËÄÉ®¡±¡°ËÎÔªÖî¼Ò¡±»æ»ÖÐ×ÔÎÒÌÕ×í£¬Êܵ½Êø¸¿£¬Ëä¼¼·¨Ò»Á÷£¬ÖÕÄѳɴó¼Ò£¬ÎÊÌâÖ¢½á¾ÍÔÚÓÚȱÉÙ×Ô¼ºµÄ·ç¸ñºÍÒÕÊõ¸öÐÔ¡£
¡¡¡¡ËÎÎÄÖεı䷨Êdzɹ¦µÄ£¬´ÓËûµÄ×÷Æ·ÖмÈÄÜ¿´µ½´«Í³µÄ»ùÒò£¬ÓÖÓÐ×Ô¼º¶ÀÌصÄÃæò¡£ÖÐÄ꿪ʼ£¬Ëû×ßÏò´ó×ÔÈ»£¬×¢ÖØдÉú£¬ÍâʦÔ컯£¬ÄÚµÃÐÄÔ´£¬°Ñ´«Í³ÓëдÉú½áºÏµÃÊ®·Öµ½Î»¡£ÔÚ±íÏÖÌâ²ÄÉÏ£¬ÆäÃè»æµÄÌ«ºþµÈɽˮ»£¬ÔÚÏÖ´úÃÀÊõÊ·ÉÏÓС°ËÎÌ«ºþ¡±Ö®ÃÀÓþ£¬¶ÀÊ÷Ò»ÖÄ¡£ËÎÎÄÖεĽÄÏɽˮ»£¬¸ñµ÷ÇåУ¬Ê«ÔÏŨÓô£¬ÄÚÁ²¶ø²»ÊÂÕÅ¿ñ£¬¾ßÓд«Í³ÎÄÈË»´ÓÈÝ¡¢ÑÅÒݵÄÆ·¸ñ£¬ÕâµÃÒæÓÚ»¼Ò¶Ô¼ÒÏç´ó×ÔÈ»µÄÈÈ°®£¬µÃÒæÓÚ½ÄÏÉîºñÎÄ»¯µÄѬÌÕ£¬Ò²µÃÒæÓÚ»¼Òκ͡¢ÈåÑÅ¡¢ÕýÖ±µÄ±üÐÔ¡£
¡¡¡¡³¤½ÈýÏ¿ÊÇ»¼Ò¾³£Ãè»æµÄÌâ²ÄÖ®Ò»¡£³¤½Á½°¶µÄ³çɽ¾þÁ룬ÐüѾø±Ú£¬¶¸ÇÍÁ¬ÃàµÄɽ·å£¬·ç¹âÆæ¾ø£¬ÊÇÀú´ú»¼Òϲ°®Ãè»æµÄɽˮʤµØ¡£¡¶Ï¿½ÑÌÔÆ¡·Îª»¼Ò1979ÄêËù×÷£¬»¼ÒÔËÓÃ͸ÊÓ¼°¿Õ¼äµÄ¹Øϵ£¬Óɽü¼°Ô¶£¬»Ãæ½ü¾°ÎªÖ÷Ì壬͹³ö³¤½µÄ׳ÃÀÐÛ×Ë£¬×óÏ·½´íÂäµÄ·¿Îݼ°´åÂä±ßµÄ´¬Ö»£¬Îª»Öе㾦֮±Ê£¬Õ¹ÏÖÁËÐÂÖйúµÄ²ª²ªÉú»úÓëÕôÕôÈÕÉϵÄÈËÃñÉú»î£¬»ÃæÖжβ¼¾ÖΪϿ½£¬³ÊSÐΣ¬½Á÷ƽ¾²£¬¼¸¸öС´¬ÔÚ½ÃæÉÏ´©ÐУ¬É½ÉÏÑÌÔÆÃÖÂþ£¬ÆäÑÌÔÆ¿Õ°×Óë»ÃæÓÒϽǵÄÔÆÎí¿Õ°×ÐγÉÕÕÓ¦£¬³ÊÏÖ³öÏ¿½µÄÃÀÀö¾°É«¡£»ÖеÄɽ¡¢ÎÝ¡¢Ð¡´¬¡¢µçÏ߸˵ȣ¬ÌåÏÖÁËÏ¿½µÄһƬÉú»úÓ뷱æ¡£Ô¶´¦É½ÂöÒþÒþÔ¼Ô¼£¬Á¬Ã಻¶Ï£¬¼¸ºõ±»ÔÆÎíÑڸǣ¬°ÑºÓɽ¾°É«ÍÆÏò¸üÔ¶£¬¸øÈËÒÔÏëÏó¿Õ¼ä¡£ËÎÎÄÖεÄɽˮÊÇ¡°´óɽˮ¡±£¬»Ã湹ͼÉãÈ¡µÄÊǴ󳡾°£¬¿ªÀ«£¬ÉîÔ¶¡£»¼Ò´Ó»ÃæµÄ϶ËÆð±Ê£¬½¥½¥½«¾°É«ÍÆÔ¶£¬ÏÈ»ÆÂʯ£¬Ðбʶٴ죬ŨµµÃÒË£¬Ã÷°µñå²Á£¬É½µÄÖʸС¢Á¢Ìå¸ÐÓëºñÖظоͳöÀ´ÁË¡£Õû·ù»ÃæÓÃÉ«ÉÏÒÔÇàɫΪÖ÷£¬Ô¶´¦ÂÔÊ©ô÷»Æ£¬¶ø½ü´¦·¿ÎÝ·óÒÔºìÉ«£¬Ê®·ÖÐÑÄ¿¡£¡¶Ï¿½ÑÌÔÆ¡·±íÏÖÁËËÎÎÄÖεäÑŶÀÌصÄÉóÃÀ¹ÛÄ×÷Æ·¹¹Ë¼¾«ÇÉÑϽ÷£¬±ÊÄ«²Ô¾¢ÄýÁ·£¬ÆøÊƺê´óÐÛ·Å£¬»·çÐãÈóÇåУ¬Òâ¾³ÉîåäöÁÃÀ£¬ËÎÎÄÖβ»À¢Îª¡°20ÊÀ¼Í60Äê´úÖйúÏÖ´ú»æ»´´ÐµĿªÍØÕßÖ®Ò»¡±¡£
¡¡¡¡¡°±ä·¨¡±ÊÇ»¼ÒÒ»ÉúµÄ×·Çó£¬ÍíÄêËÎÎÄÖÎÔÙ´Î˼±ä£¬·ñ¶¨×ÔÎÒ£¬Ëû½è¼øÇàÂÌɽˮ¡¢Ç³çɽˮºÍÎ÷Ñóɽˮ²ÊµÄ»·¨£¬´ÓÇ°È˵ġ°ÆÃÄ«Æòʡ±Öеõ½Æô·¢£¬Ì½¾¿Öйú»´´ÐÂ֮·£¬´óµ¨µØ½«Æòʡ¢Á÷ºÛ¡¢Íؼ£µÈäÖȾÊÖ·¨Óë¹´¡¢ñå¡¢²Á¡¢µãµÈ´«Í³±Ê·¨ÈÚΪһÌ壬ÒÔû¹ÇÆòÊɽˮ»Ð·çòÏÔÏÖÓÚ½ü´ú»Ì³£¬ÒýÆðÁË»½ç¹Ø×¢¡£
¡¡¡¡ÔÚËÎÎÄÖεļÒÏçÌ«²Ö£¬½¨ÓÐËÎÎÄÖÎÒÕÊõ¹Ý£¬ÊÕ²ØÁË»¼ÒÒ»Éú´´×÷µÄÖØÒª×÷Æ·¡£
¡¡¡¡ÔÚµ±½ñÒÕÊõÊг¡ÉÏ£¬ËÎÎÄÖεĻ×÷ÊôÓÚÊг¡ÈÈÃÅÆ·ÖÖ£¬¼Û¸ñ½Ï¸ßÓÖ¼áͦ£¬ËûÃè»æÌ«ºþ¡¢³¤½ÈýÏ¿¼°ÍíÄêµÄдÒâÆòÊ×îÊܲؼһ¶Ó¡£¾¿ÆäÔÒò£¬Ê×ÏÈ£¬ËûÊǽü´ú½ðÁê»ÅɵÄÖØÒª´ú±íÈËÎï¡£½ü´ú½ðÁê»ÅÉÒÔ¸µ±§Ê¯¡¢Ç®ËÉÑÒΪÁì¾ü£¬ËÎÎÄÖΡ¢Îº×ÏÎõ¡¢ÑÇÃ÷µÈΪ¹Ç¸É¡£Æä´Î£¬ËÎÎÄÖÎÇåÐÂÐãÀö¡¢µäÑÅÎľ²µÄ»·ç£¬ÑÅË×¹²ÉÍ£¬ÉîÊܲؼÒϲ°®¡£2005Äê±£ÀûÇïÅÄ£¬¡¶Êñ½ÏþÎíͼ¡·1986Äê×÷£¬67.3¡Á66.9cm£¬¹À¼Û8-12Íò£¬×îºó22ÍòÔª³É½»¡£¡¶¼ÎÁê·«Ó°¡·1979Äê×÷£¬91¡Á63cm£¬¹À¼Û12-15Íò£¬×îºó27.5ÍòÂä鳡£2010Äê¼ÎµÂÇïÅÄ£¬¡¶Ç§Àï½ÁêÒ»ÈÕ»¹¡·×÷ÓÚ1993Ä꣬³ß´çΪ115¡Á43.6cmºáÅû£¬¹À¼Û20-30Íò£¬87.3ÍòÂä鳡£2010Äê¼ÎµÂËļ¾ÅÄÂô¡¶¼ÎÁêÏþÎí¡·£¬35¡Á50cm£¬½öÒ»·½Óà³ß£¬1992Äê×÷£¬¹À¼Û6-8Íò£¬³É½»17.9ÍòÔª¡£
¡¡¡¡ËÎÎÄÖÎÏÈÉúÊÇÏÖ´ú»Ì³×¿Óгɾ͵Ļ¼Ò£¬ÆäÒ»ÉúÒÕÊõ»î¶¯¼¸ºõ¹á´©ÁË20ÊÀ¼Íɽˮ»±ä¸ï·¢Õ¹µÄÈ«¹ý³Ì£¬ËûÔÚɽˮ»ÁìÓò³É¾Í·Ç·²£¬ÏàÐÅÆä×÷Æ·Ëæ×Åʱ¼äµÄÍÆÒÆ£¬»áÒ»»ÄÑÇó¡£